Perbandingan sensitivitas dan spesifisitas rapid test anti-hbs dan elisa
The comparison of sensitivity and specificity rapid tests anti-hbs and elisa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36376/bmj.v9i3.298Keywords:
Anti-HBs, Rapid test, ELISA, Sensitivitas, SpesifisitasAbstract
Hepatitis B merupakan penyakit inflamasi dan nekrosis sel hati yang disebabkan oleh infeksi virus hepatitis B (VHB). Kehadiran anti-HBs merupakan faktor penting dalam diagnosis dan prognosis infeksi VHB. Rapid test adalah salah satu metode pemeriksaan selain ELISA untuk mendeteksi adanya anti-HBs, lebih praktis dalam penggunaan dan ekonomis. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbandingan tingkat sensitivitas dan spesifisitas antara rapid test anti-HBs Intec® dan ELISA. Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional menggunakan metode uji diagnostik. Populasi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa D4 Analis Kesehatan FIKKES Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang semester tujuh post vaksinasi hepatitis B sejumlah 32 orang untuk didapatkan serum darah. Analisis statistik dilakukan uji Mc Nemar. Hasil pemeriksaan dengan rapid test yaitu positif 26 sampel (81,2%), dan negatif 6 sampel (18,8%). Hasil pemeriksaan dengan ELISA yaitu reaktif 27 sampel (84,4%), dan nonreaktif 5 sampel (15,6%). Kesimpulan akhir yaitu Rapid test anti-HBs Intec® memiliki nilai sensitivitas dan spesifisitas yang sangat baik dengan persentase sensitivitas 96,3% dan persentase spesifisitas 100%. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna pada sensitivitas dan spesifisitas metode rapid test dan ELISA (p= 1,000) sehingga Rapid test anti-HBs Intec® dapat digunakan sebagai skrining untuk pemeriksaan anti-HBs.
Hepatitis B is inflammation and necrosis diseases of liver cells caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The presence of anti-HBs is an important factor in diagnosis and prognosis of HBV infection. Rapid test is the one of laboratory methods besides ELISA to detect the presence of anti-HBs, more practically use and economically. The aim of this study is to compare the sensitivity and specificity value of Intec® rapid test anti-HBs and ELISA. This study was an observational study with diagnostic test design. The population in this research were 32 students of medical laboratory Muhammadiyah University of Semarang seventh semester post vaccination hepatitis B. The sample used was blood serum. Statistical analysis used was Mc Nemar test. The result of rapid tests showed positive in 26 samples (81,2%), and negative in 6 samples (18,8%). The result of ELISA tests showed reactive in 27 samples (84,4%), dan nonreactive in 5 samples (15,6%). In conclusion, Intec® rapid test anti-HBs has excellent sensitivity and specificity value with percentage of sensitivity 96.3% and percentage of sensitivity 100%. There are no significant differences of sensitivity and specificity between rapid tests and ELISA method (p = 1.000) thus Intec® rapid test anti-HBs can be used as a screening for anti-HBs detection.
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